Unsteady Hydromagnetic Mixed Convection of a Radiating and Reacting Nanofluid in a Microchannel with Variable Properties
Authors
- Mesfin Zewde KEFENE Adama Science and Technology University, Ethiopia
-
Oluwole Daniel MAKINDE
Stellenbosch University,
South Africa
0000-0002-3991-4948
- Lemi Guta ENYADENE Adama Science and Technology University, Ethiopia
Abstract
Unsteady MHD mixed convection of nanofluid heat transfer in a permeable microchannel with temperature-dependent fluid properties is studied under the influence of a first-order chemical reaction and thermal radiation. The viscosity and thermal conductivity are assumed to be related to temperature exponentially. Using suitable dimensionless variables and parameters, the governing partial differential equations (PDEs) are transformed to their corresponding dimensionless forms solved numerically by a semi-discretization finite difference scheme along with the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg integration technique. The effects of model parameters on the profiles of velocity, temperature, concentration, skin friction, the Nusselt number, and the Sherwood number are discussed qualitatively with the aid of graph.
Keywords:
nanofluid, mixed convection, permeable microchannel, Buongiorno model, thermal radiationReferences
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30. Mostafazadeh A., Toghraie D., Mashayekhi R., Akbari O.A., Effect of radiation on laminar natural convection of nanofluid in a vertical channel with single-and two-phase approaches, Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 138(1): 779–794, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08236-2
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35. Pordanjani A.H., Jahanbakhshi A., Nadooshan A.A., Afrand M., Effect of two isothermal obstacles on the natural convection of nanofluid in the presence of magnetic field inside an enclosure with sinusoidal wall temperature distribution, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 121: 565–578, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.01.019 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.01.019
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38. Rikitu B.H., Makinde O.D., Enyadene L.G., Unsteady mixed convection of a radiating and reacting nanofluid with variable properties in a porous medium microchannel, Archive of Applied Mechanics, 92(1), 92–119, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00419-021-02043-8
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41. Sindhu S., Gireesha B.J., Heat and mass transfer analysis of chemically reactive tangent hyperbolic fluid in a microchannel, Heat Transfer, 50(2): 1410–1427, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1002/htj.21936
42. Snoussi L., Ouerfelli N., Sharma K.V., Vrinceanu N., Chamkha A.J., Guizani A., Numerical simulation of nanofluids for improved cooling efficiency in a 3D copper microchannel heat sink (MCHS), Physics and Chemistry of Liquids: An International Journal, 56(3): 311–331, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1080/00319104.2017.1336237
43. Sparrow M., Cess R.D., Radiation Heat Transfer, Augmented Edition, Routledge, Boca Raton, USA, 1978, https://doi.org/10.1201/9780203741382
44. Tuckerman D.B., Pease R.F., High performance heat sinking for VLSI, IEEE Electron Device Letter, 2(5): 126–129, 1981, https://doi.org/10.1109/EDL.1981.25367
45. Ullah I., Shafie S., Makinde O.D., Khan I., Unsteady MHD Falkner-Skan flow of Casson nanofluid with generative/destructive chemical reaction, Chemical Engineering Science, 172: 694–706, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2017.07.011
46. Wang X.-Q., Mujumdar A. S., Heat transfer characteristics of nanofluids: a review, International Journal of Thermal Science, 46(1): 1–19, 2007, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2006.06.010
47. Yu W., France D.M., Routbort J.L., Choi S.S.U., Review and comparison of nanofluid thermal conductivity and heat transfer enhancements, Heat Transfer Engineering, 29(5): 432–460, 2008, https://doi.org/10.1080/01457630701850851
2. Belhadj A., Numerical investigation of forced convection of nanofluid in microchannels heat sinks, Journal of Thermal Engineering, 4(5): 2263–2273, 2018, https://doi.org/10.18186/thermal.438480
3. Bellos E., Tzivanidis C., A review of concentrating solar thermal collectors with and without nanofluids, Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 135(1): 763–786, 2011, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-018-7183-1
4. Bowers J., Cao H., Qiao G., Li Q., Zhang G., Mura E., Ding Y., Flow and heat transfer behaviour of nanofluids in microchannels, Progress in Natural Science: Materials International, 28(2): 225–234, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnsc.2018.03.005
5. Choi S.U., Nanofluid technology: current status and future research, Conference: Korea-U.S. Technical Conference on Strategic Technologies, Vienna, VA, United States, 22-24 Oct. 1998, United States 1998, https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/11048
6. Choi S.U.S., Eastman J.A., Enhancing thermal conductivity of fluids with nanoparticles, Proceedings of The 1995 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, 1995.
7. Das S.K., Choi S.U.S, Patel H.E., Heat transfer in nanofluids – a review, Heat Transfer Engineering, 27(10): 3–19, 2006, https://doi.org/10.1080/01457630600904593
8. Gavara M., Asymmetric forced convection of nanofluids in a channel with symmetrically mounted rib heaters on opposite walls, Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A: Applications, 62(11): 884–904, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1080/10407782.2012.707057
9. Herwig H., Mahulikar S. P., Variable property effects in single-phase incompressible flows through microchannels, International Journal of Thermal Science, 45(10): 977–981, 2006, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2006.01.002
10. Hindebu B., Makinde O.D., Guta L., Unsteady mixed convection flow of variable viscosity nanofluid in a micro-channel filled with a porous medium, Indian Journal of Physics, 96(6): 1749–1766, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12648-021-02116-y
11. Kakaҫ S., Pramuanjaroenkij A., Review of convective heat transfer enhancement with nanofluids, Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 52(13–14): 3187–3196, 2009, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2009.02.006
12. Karimipour A., Afrand M., Magnetic field effects on the slip velocity and temperature jump of nanofluid forced convection in a microchannel, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 230(11): 1921–1936, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1177/0954406215586232
13. Kefene M.Z., Makinde O.D., Enyadene L.G., MHD variable viscosity mixed convection of nanofluid in a microchannel with permeable walls, Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Physics, 58(12): 892–908, 2020, https://doi.org/10.56042/ijpap.v58i12.36784
14. Khan M.G., Fartaj A., A review on microchannel heat exchangers and potential applications, International Journal of Energy Research, 35(7): 553–582, 2011, https://doi.org/10.1002/er.1720
15. Khodabandeh E., Akbari O.A., Toghraie D., Pour M.S., Jönsson P.G., Ersson M., Numerical investigation of thermal performance augmentation of nanofluid flow in microchannel heat sinks by using of novel nozzle structure: sinusoidal cavities and rectangular ribs, Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, 41: 443, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40430-019-1952-z
16. Kleinstreuer C., Li J., Koo J., Microfluidics of nano-drug delivery, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 51(23–24): 5590–5597, 2008, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2008.04.043
17. Kumar A., Nath S., Bhanja D., Effect of nanofluid on thermo hydraulic performance of double layer tapered microchannel heat sink used for electronic chip cooling, Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A: Applications, 73(7): 429–445, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1080/10407782.2018.1448611
18. Kumar R., Physical effects of variable fluid properties on gaseous slip-flow through a microchannel heat sink, Journal of Thermal Engineering, 7(3): 635–649, 2021, https://doi.org/10.18186/thermal.888496
19. Lee J., Mudawar I., Assessment of the effectiveness of nanofluids for single-phase and two-phase heat transfer in micro-channels, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 50(3–4): 452–463, 2007, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2006.08.001
20. Li J., Kleinstreuer C., Thermal performance of nanofluid flow in microchannels, International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 29(4): 1221–1232, 2008, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2008.01.005
21. Mahulikar S.P., Herwig H., Theoretical investigation of scaling effects from macro-to-microscale convection due to variations in incompressible fluid properties, Applied Physics Letters, 86(014105): 1–3, 2005.
22. Makinde O.D., Eegunjobi A.S., Effects of convective heating on entropy generation rate in a channel with permeable walls, Entropy, 15(1): 220–233, 2013, https://doi.org/10.3390/e15010220
23. Makinde O.D., Franks O., On MHD unsteady reactive Couette flow with heat transfer and variable properties, Central European Journal of Engineering, 4(1): 54–63, 2014, https://doi.org/10.2478/s13531-013-0139-0
24. Makinde O.D., Heat transfer in variable viscosity micro-channel flow of EG-water/Ag nanofluids with convective cooling, Defect and Diffusion Forum, 387: 182–193, 2018, https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/DDF.387.182
25. Makinde O.D., Kumar K.G., Manjunatha S., Gireesha B.J., Effect of nonlinear thermal radiation on MHD boundary layer flow and melting heat transfer of micro-polar fluid over a stretching surface with fluid particles suspension, Defect and Diffusion Forum, 378: 125–136, 2017, https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/DDF.378.125
26. Makinde O.D., Ogulu A., The effect of thermal radiation on the heat and mass transfer flow of a variable viscosity fluid past a vertical porous plate permeated by a transverse magnetic field, Chemical Engineering Communications, 195(12): 1575–584, 2008, https://doi.org/10.1080/00986440802115549
27. Malvandi A., Ganji D.D., Mixed convection of alumina/water nanofluid in microchannels using modified Buongiorno’s model in presence of heat source/sink, Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics, 9(5): 2277–2289, 2016, https://doi.org/10.18869/acadpub.jafm.68.236.25641
28. Mohammed H.A., Bhaskaran G., Shuaib N.H., Saidur R., Heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics in microchannels heat exchanger using nanofluids: a review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 15(3): 1502–1512, 2011, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2010.11.031
29. Monaledi R.L., Makinde O.D., Entropy analysis of a radiating variable viscosity EG/Ag nanofluid flow in microchannels with buoyancy force and convective cooling, Defect and Diffusion Forum, 378: 273–285, 2018, https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/DDF.387.273
30. Mostafazadeh A., Toghraie D., Mashayekhi R., Akbari O.A., Effect of radiation on laminar natural convection of nanofluid in a vertical channel with single-and two-phase approaches, Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 138(1): 779–794, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08236-2
31. Na N.Y., Computational Methods in Engineering Boundary Value Problems, Academic Press, New York, 1979.
32. Nguyen Q., Bahrami D., Kalbasi R., Bach Q.-V., Nanofluid flow through microchannel with a triangular corrugated wall: heat transfer enhancement against entropy generation intensification, Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences, 1–14, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1002/mma.6705
33. Nguyen Q., Sedeh S.N., Toghraie D., Kalbasi R., Karimipour A., Numerical simulation of the ferro-nanofluid flow in a porous ribbed microchannel heat sink: investigation of the first and second laws of thermodynamics with single-phase and two-phase approaches, Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, 42(492): 1–14, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40430-020-02534-9
34. Pati S., Kumar V., Effects of temperature-dependent thermophysical properties on hydrodynamic swirl decay in microtubes, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering, 233(3): 427-435, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1177/0954408918755782
35. Pordanjani A.H., Jahanbakhshi A., Nadooshan A.A., Afrand M., Effect of two isothermal obstacles on the natural convection of nanofluid in the presence of magnetic field inside an enclosure with sinusoidal wall temperature distribution, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 121: 565–578, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.01.019 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.01.019
36. Prasad K.V., Vaidya H., Vajravelu K., MHD mixed convection heat transfer in a vertical channel with temperature-dependent transport properties, Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics, 8(4): 693–701, 2015, https://doi.org/10.18869/acadpub.jafm.67.223.21562
37. Rashidi S., Mahaian O., Languri E.M., Applications of nanofluids in condensing and evaporating systems, Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 131(3): 2027–2039, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-017-6773-7
38. Rikitu B.H., Makinde O.D., Enyadene L.G., Unsteady mixed convection of a radiating and reacting nanofluid with variable properties in a porous medium microchannel, Archive of Applied Mechanics, 92(1), 92–119, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00419-021-02043-8
39. Rosseland S., Astrophysik aud Atom-Theoretische Grundlagen, Springer, Berlin, 1931, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-26679-3
40. Sheikholeslami M., CuO-water nanofluid free convection in a porous cavity considering Darcy law, The European Physical Journal Plus, 132(55): 1–11, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/i2017-11330-3
41. Sindhu S., Gireesha B.J., Heat and mass transfer analysis of chemically reactive tangent hyperbolic fluid in a microchannel, Heat Transfer, 50(2): 1410–1427, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1002/htj.21936
42. Snoussi L., Ouerfelli N., Sharma K.V., Vrinceanu N., Chamkha A.J., Guizani A., Numerical simulation of nanofluids for improved cooling efficiency in a 3D copper microchannel heat sink (MCHS), Physics and Chemistry of Liquids: An International Journal, 56(3): 311–331, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1080/00319104.2017.1336237
43. Sparrow M., Cess R.D., Radiation Heat Transfer, Augmented Edition, Routledge, Boca Raton, USA, 1978, https://doi.org/10.1201/9780203741382
44. Tuckerman D.B., Pease R.F., High performance heat sinking for VLSI, IEEE Electron Device Letter, 2(5): 126–129, 1981, https://doi.org/10.1109/EDL.1981.25367
45. Ullah I., Shafie S., Makinde O.D., Khan I., Unsteady MHD Falkner-Skan flow of Casson nanofluid with generative/destructive chemical reaction, Chemical Engineering Science, 172: 694–706, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2017.07.011
46. Wang X.-Q., Mujumdar A. S., Heat transfer characteristics of nanofluids: a review, International Journal of Thermal Science, 46(1): 1–19, 2007, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2006.06.010
47. Yu W., France D.M., Routbort J.L., Choi S.S.U., Review and comparison of nanofluid thermal conductivity and heat transfer enhancements, Heat Transfer Engineering, 29(5): 432–460, 2008, https://doi.org/10.1080/01457630701850851
