Challenges of Corrosion, Wear, Erosion, and Abrasion in Hydropower Plants: Materials, Modeling, and Mitigation Strategies

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Authors

  • Harvinder Singh Chandigarh Group of Colleges, India; Jadara University, Jordan

Abstract

The chemical, food processing, hydropower, thermal power, and oil industries are among the sectors that frequently face problems of erosion, abrasion, and corrosion. Pipelines, elbows, reducers, separators, tees, and seals are among the hydraulic devices and pipeline components that are impacted by these phenomena. Silt erosion in turbines and related components is a major issue in hydropower plants, particularly in Indian hydropower plants where rivers contain hard minerals such as feldspar, quartz, and other mineral particles. Remarkably, high content of quartz in the silt causes problems in turbines, including sediment erosion, leakage, and secondary flow disturbances. Hydropower plants’ total efficiency is ultimately jeopardized by these issues. This paper aims to support scholars and researchers by highlighting the following topics: (a) component failures in impulse and reaction turbines used in hydropower projects, (b) different turbine materials and their properties, and (c) a comparison of several thermal spraying techniques for turbine materials, along with numerous numerical models of erosion and abrasion informed by silt characteristics, material properties, and flow phenomena in different hydroturbines. The study also discusses modeling, pilot plant loops, wear mechanisms, and protective techniques aimed at mitigating wear and safeguarding hydroturbines.

Keywords:

thermal spray coatings, erosion, component failure, turbine, hydropower plants

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