10.24423/EngTrans.2262.20230425
Water Absorption, Impact Resistance and Strength Reliability of Concrete Incorporating Sintered Fly Ash Aggregate Under Drop Weight Impact Load
ASTM and ACI methods were used to determine the water absorption and impact resistance of M30 grade concrete containing different percentages of sintered fly ash aggregate (SFA) ranging from 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%. In the concrete laboratory, the parameters of the concrete mix, including fresh density, slump value, dry density, compressive strength, and impact resistance, were determined. The fresh and dry densities of concrete mix decrease as the quantity of SFA used as substitute increases. The 100% substitution of SFA in concrete results in a slump value of 200 mm, a fresh density of 1946 kg/m3, a dry density of 1911 kg/m3, and water absorption of 3.5%, with a compressive strength of 12.3 MPa. For the drop weight impact resistance test, reliability analysis was conducted to determine the level of reliability of each concrete mix for varying SFA. Using reliability analysis, the failure analysis owing to impact load determined the energy absorption of the concrete mix.
Copyright © The Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0).
References
Zhang S.P., Zong L., Evaluation of relationship between water absorption and durability of concrete materials, Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2014: Article ID 650373, 2014, doi: 10.1155/2014/650373.
Kelham S., A water absorption test for concrete, Magazine of Concrete Research, 40(143): 106–110, 1988, doi: 10.1680/macr.1988.40.143.106.
Ilangovana R., Mahendrana N., Nagamanib K., Strength and durability properties of concrete containing quarry rock dust as fine aggregate, ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 3(5): 20–26, 2008.
Domagała L., Durability of structural lightweight concrete with sintered fly ash aggregate, Materials, 13(20): 4565, 2020, doi: 10.3390/ma13204565.
Punkki J., Effect of water absorption by the aggregate on properties of high-strength lightweight concrete, PhD Thesis, Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet, Trondheim, Norway, 1995, https://www.osti.gov/etdeweb/servlets/purl/515676.
Murali G., Abid SR., Amran M., Vatin N.I., Fediuk R., Drop weight impact test on prepacked aggregate fibrous concrete – an experimental study, Materials, 15(9): 3096, 2022, doi: 10.3390/ma15093096.
ACI 544-2R., Measurement of Properties of Fiber Reinforced Concrete, American Concrete Institute: Farmington Hills, MI, USA, 1999.
Vatin N.I., Murali G., Abid S.R., de Azevedo A.R.G., Tayeh B.A., Dixit S., Enhancing the impact strength of prepacked aggregate fibrous concrete using asphalt-coated aggregates, Materials, 15(7): 2598, 2022, doi: 10.3390/ma15072598.
Orangun C.O., The bond resistance between steel and lightweight-aggregate (Lytag) concrete, Building Science, 2(1): 21–28, 1967, doi: 10.1016/0007-3628(67)90004-7.
Ramasubramani R., Mechanical and characterization behavior of light weight aggregate concrete using sintered fly ash aggregates and synthetic fibers, ECS Transactions, 107(1): 1737, 2022, doi: 10.1149/10701.1737ecst.
Murali G., Asrani N.P., Ramkumar V.R., Siva A., Haridharan M.K., Impact resistance and strength reliability of novel two-stage fibre-reinforced concrete, Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 44(5): 4477–4490, 2019, doi: 10.1007/s13369-018-3466-x.
Mastali M., Dalvand A., The impact resistance and mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete reinforced with recycled CFRP pieces, Composites Part B: Engineering, 92: 360–376, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2016.01.046.
IS: 4031, Indian Standard Specification, Methods of Physical Tests for Hydraulic Cement: Part 11, Determination of Density, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, 1988 [Reaffirmed in 2005].
IS: 4031, Indian Standard Specification, Methods of Physical Tests for Hydraulic Cement: Part 4, Determination of Consistency of Standard Cement Paste, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, 1988 [Reaffirmed in 2005].
IS: 4031, Indian Standard Specification, Methods of Physical Tests for Hydraulic Cement: Part 5, Determination of Initial and Final Setting Times, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, 1988 [Reaffirmed in 2005].
IS: 383, Coarse and Fine Aggregate for Concrete Specification, Bureau of Indian Standards: New Delhi, 2016, India,
IS: 10500, Drinking Water Specification, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, 2012, India.
IS: 10262, Indian Standard Concrete Mix Proportioning – Guidelines, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi; 2019.
ASTM C 642 -13, Standard Test Method for Density, Absorption and Voids in Hardened Concrete, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, 2013.
IS: 516, Indian standard methods of tests for strength concrete, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi,1959 [Reaffirmed in 1999].
Shetty M.S., Concrete Technology: Theory and Practice, S. Chand and Co. Ltd., 2000.
Babu B.R., Thenmozhi R., An investigation of the mechanical properties of sintered fly ash lightweight aggregate concrete (SFLWAC) with steel fibers, Archives of Civil Engineering, 64(1): 73–85, 2018, doi: 10.2478/ace-2018-0005.
CIP 36, Structural Lightweight Concrete, Concrete in Practice, National Ready Concrete Association, NRMCA, 2003.
Satpathy H.P., Patel S.K., Nayak A.N., Development of sustainable lightweight concrete using fly ash cenosphere and sintered fly ash aggregate, Construction and Building Materials, 202: 636–655, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.01.034.
Liu Y., Wei Y., Drop-weight impact resistance of ultrahigh-performance concrete and the corresponding statistical analysis, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 34(1): 04021409, 2022, doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0004045.
Murali G., Santhi A.S., Ganesh G.M., Impact resistance and strength reliability of fiber-reinforced concrete in bending under drop weight impact load, International Journal of Technology, 5(2): 111–120, 2014, doi: 10.14716/ijtech. v5i2.403.
Sakin R., Ay I., Statistical analysis of bending fatigue life data using Weibull distribution in glass-fiber reinforced polyester composites, Materials & Design, 29(6): 1170–1181, 2008, doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2007.05.005.
Singh S.P., Kaushik S.K., Fatigue strength of steel fibre reinforced concrete in flexure, Cement and Concrete Composites, 25(7): 779–786, 2003, doi: 10.1016/S0958-9465(02)00102-6.
Gomathi P., Sivakumar A., Accelerated curing effects on the mechanical performance of cold bonded and sintered fly ash aggregate concrete, Construction and Building Materials, 77: 276–287, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.12.108.
ACI Committee 213, 213R-03, Guide for Structural Lightweight-aggregate Concrete, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, USA, 2003.
DOI: 10.24423/EngTrans.2262.20230425